I had been using Windows 8 and TortoiseSVN icons have been displaying properly, but after installing Windows 10 I can no longer see the icons for the files/folder status.
Had same issue, and was solved by running regedit, erasing some entries in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\explorer\ShellIconOverlayIdentifiers and restarting.
Deleting OneDrive1... enties was not permited, but I had some from Google Drive.
You can also make a bakup by double-clicking in the registry directory and doing an "Export" to a file.
On Windows 10, most of the entries are used by OneDrive and you won't have permission to remove them. In order to do so, right click on the entry (Example: "OneDrive1", then click "Advanced", then click the link labled "Change" at the very top next to "Owner". This lets you change the owner. Type in your username and hit OK. Now give yourself "Full Control" and then apply it. Now you should be able to delete or rename it.